Infinitive__Simple Past__Past Participle

A
1.-2.-3.
arise arose arisen

awake awoke/ awakened awoken

B

be was / were been

bear bore born / borne

beat beat beaten / beat

become became become

befall befell befallen

begin began begun

behold beheld beheld

bend bent bent

bet bet / betted bet / betted

bid bid bid

bind bound bound

bite bit bitten

bleed bled bled

blow blew blown

break broke broken

breed bred bred

bring brought brought

broadcast broadcast broadcast

browbeat browbeat browbeat

build built built

burn burnt/ burned burnt/burned

burst burst burst

bust busted/ bust busted/ bust

buy bought bought

C

cast cast cast

catch caught caught

choose chose chosen

cling clung clung

come came come

cost cost cost

creep crept crept

cut cut cut

D

deal dealt dealt

dig dug dug

dive (scuba diving) dived dived

dive (jump head-first) dove dived

do did done

draw drew drawn

dream dreamt/ dreamed dreamt/ dreamed

drink drank drunk

drive drove driven

dwell dwelt/ dwelled dwelt/ dwelled

E

eat ate eaten

F

fall fell fallen

feed fed fed

feel felt felt

fight fought fought

find found found

fit (to be right size) fit fit

fit (to tailor, change size) fit/ fitted fit/ fitted

flee fled fled

fling flung flung

fly flew flown

forbid forbade forbidden

forecast forecast forecast

forego (also forgo) forewent foregone

foresee foresaw foreseen

foretell foretold foretold

forget forgot forgotten

forgive forgave forgiven

forsake forsook forsaken

freeze froze frozen

G

get got gotten/ got

give gave given

go went gone

grind ground ground

grow grew grown

H

hang hung hung

have had had

hear heard heard

hide hid hidden

hit hit hit

hold held held

hurt hurt hurt

I

input input input

inset inset inset

interbreed interbred interbred

interweave interwove interwoven

K

keep kept kept

kneel knelt/ kneeled knelt/ kneeled

knit knit/ knitted knit/ knitted

know knew known

L

lay laid laid

lead led led

lean leaned/ leant leaned/ leant

leap leapt/ leaped leapt/ leaped

learn learned/ learnt learned/ learnt

leave left left

lend lent lent

let let let

lie lay lain

light lit / lighted lit / lighted

lose lost lost

M

make made made

mean meant meant

meet met met

mishear misheard misheard

mislay mislaid mislaid

mislead misled misled

misread misread misread

misspell misspelled/ misspelt misspelled/ misspelt

mistake mistook mistaken

misunderstand misunderstood misunderstood

mow mowed mowed/ mow

O

outbid outbid outbid

outdo outdid outdone

outgrow outgrew outgrown

outrun outran outrun

outsell outsold outsold

overcast overcast overcast

overcome overcame overcome

overdo overdid overdone

overdraw overdrew overdrawn

overeat overate overeaten

overhang overhung overhung

overhear overheard overheard

overlay overlaid overlaid

overlie overlay overlain

overpay overpaid overpaid

override overrode overridden

overrun overran overrun

oversee oversaw overseen

oversell oversold oversold

overshoot overshot overshot

oversleep overslept overslept

overtake overtook overtaken

overthrow overthrew overthrown

P

partake partook partaken

pay paid paid

plead pled/ pleaded pled/ pleaded

pre-set pre-set pre-set

proofread proofread proofread

prove proved proven/ proved

put put put

Q

quit quit / quitted quit / quitted

R

read read (sounds like "red") read (sounds like "red")

rebind rebound rebound

rebuild rebuilt rebuilt

recast recast recast

redo redid redone

re-lay (for example tiles) re-laid re-laid

remake remade remade

repay repaid repaid

rerun reran rerun

resell resold resold

reset reset reset

rethink rethought rethought

rewind rewound rewound

rewrite rewrote rewritten

rid rid rid

ride rode ridden

ring rang rung

rise rose risen

run ran run

S

say said said

see saw seen

seek sought sought

sell sold sold

send sent sent

set set set

sew sewed sewn/ sewed

shake shook shaken

shear sheared shorn/ sheared

shed shed shed

shine shined / shone shined / shone

shit shit/ shat shit/ shat

shoot shot shot

show showed shown / showed

shrink shrank / shrunk shrunk

shut shut shut

sing sang sung

sit sat sat

slay slew slain

sleep slept slept

slide slid slid

sling slung slung

slit slit slit

smell smelled/ smelt smelled/ smelt

speak spoke spoken

speed sped / speeded sped / speeded

spell spelled/ spelt spelled/ spelt

spend spent spent

spin spun spun

spit spit / spat spit / spat

split split split

spoil spoiled/ spoilt spoiled/ spoilt

spoon-feed spoon-fed spoon-fed

spread spread spread

spring sprang / sprung sprung

stand stood stood

steal stole stolen

stick stuck stuck

sting stung stung

stink stank / stunk stunk

strew strewed strewn/ strewed

stride strode stridden

strive strove striven

strike (delete) struck stricken

strike (hit) struck struck/ stricken

****** strung strung

strive strove/ strived striven/ strived

swear swore sworn

sweep swept swept

swell swelled swollen, swelled

swim swam swum

swing swung swung

T

take took taken

teach taught taught

tear tore torn

tell told told

think thought thought

throw threw thrown

thrust thrust thrust

tread trod trodden, trod

U

unbind unbound unbound

underlie underlay underlain

understand understood understood

undertake undertook undertaken

underwrite underwrote underwritten

undo undid undone

unwind unwound unwound

uphold upheld upheld

upset upset upset

W

wake woke / waked woken / waked

wear wore worn

weave wove woven

wed wed/ wedded wed/ wedded

weep wept wept

wet wet/ wetted wet/ wetted

win won won

wind wound wound

withdraw withdrew withdrawn

wring wrung wrung

write wrote written

Imperativ (Emir Kipi)

Almancada emir kipi (imperativ) du, ihr, Sie şahışlarına çekimlenmek üzere üç şekilde oluşturulur. Bunlar:

Du - Form
Fiilin mastar mastar eki atılarak oluşturulur. Bazı fiillerde "-e" takısı kullanılır. Präsens (simdiki zaman)te kök ünlüsü değişen fiillerden Umlaut (bazı harflerin üzerindeki iki nokta ör: ä) alanlar hariç diğer fiillerde emir yapıldığında da kök ünlünün değiştirilmesi gereklidir. "sich"li fiillerde karşımızdaki kişiye, yani ikinci tekil şahsa emir verildiği için "dich" şekli kullanılır. Ayrılan fiiller ise Präsenste olduğu gibi emir kipi de ayrılır. Bu anlatılanların hepsi aşağıda örneklerde verilmiştir. Yalnız günlük konuşmalarda sıkça kullanılan "mal" sözcüğünün "bakalım", "doch" sözcüğünün ise "-sene,-sana" anlamı kattığını bilelim. "doch ve mal" sözcüklerinin her ikisinin de birlikte kullanılması durumunda emir cümlesinin anlamını pekiştirdiğini unutmayalım.

kommen : Komm mal hier! (Gel bakalım buraya!)
spielen : Spiel doch mit mir! (Benimle oynasana!)
warten : Warte mal! (Bekle bakalım!)
haben : Hab doch Sellbstvertrauen! (Kendine güven!)
sprechen : Sprich nicht so laut! (Bu kadar yüksek sesle konuşma!
lesen : Lies mal! (Oku bakalım!)

Ihr - Form
Bu formda emir kipinin olduğu fiil ikinci çoğul şahsa (ihr) göre çekilir. Sahış zamiri kullanılmaz. Fiil köküne -t takısı gelir.

kommen : Kommt mal hier! (Gelin bakalım buraya!)
spielen : Spielt doch mit uns! (Bizimle oynasanıza!)
warten : Wartet hier! (Burada bekleyin!)
haben : Habt doch Sellbstvertrauen! (Kendinize güvenin!)
sprechen : Sprecht nicht so laut! (Bu kadar yüksek sesle konuşmayın!
lesen : Lest mal! (Okuyun bakalım!)

Sie - Form
Bu formda fiil yalın halde alınır ve diğer iki formda şahıs zamirleri kullanılmazken burada "Sie" şahıs zamiri kullanılır. Nezaket bildirmek için "bitte" sözcüğü kullanılabilir.

kommen : Kommen Sie mal hier! (Buraya geliniz!)
spielen : Spielen Sie doch mit uns! (Bizimle oynasanıza!)
warten : Warten Sie bitte hier! (Lütfen burada bekleyiniz!)
haben : Haben Sie doch Sellbstvertrauen! (Kendinize güveniniz!)
sprechen : Sprechen Sie nicht so laut! (Bu kadar yüksek sesle konuşmayınız!
lesen : Lesen Sie bitte! (Lütfen okuyunuz!)

Not : Fakat "sein" fiilinde istisna vardır :

du : Sei ruhig! (Sakin ol!)
ihr : Seid ruhig! (Sakin olun!)
Sie : Seien Sie bitte ruhig ! (Lütfen sakin olunuz!)

RUSÇA: ZAMANLAR - TARİHLER
• Gün - Den
• Hafta - Nedelya
• Ay - Mesyats
• Yıl - God
• Pazartesi - ponedelnik
• Salı - vtornik
• Çarşamba - sreda
• Perşembe - çetverg
• Cuma - pyatnitsa
• Cumartesi - subbota
• Pazar - voskresenie
• İlkbahar - Vesna
• Yaz - Leto
• Sonbahar - Osen
• Kış - Zima
• Ocak - yanvar
• Şubat - fevral
• Mart - mart
• Nisan - aprel
• Mayıs - may
• Haziran - iyun
• Temmuz - iyul
• Ağustos - avgust
• Eylül - sentyabr
• Ekim - oktyabr
• Kasım - noyabr
• Aralık - dekabr
• Bugün - Sevodnya
• Dün - Vçera
• Yarın - Zavtra